Add 1 cup white wine and 8 cups low-sodium beef broth; stir up browned bits on bottom of pot. Lower heat and simmer for 30 minutes; stir occasionally. Season with pepper.
Preheat oven to 425F.
Cut 1 baguette into 8 thick slices.
Spread both sides with 3 Tbsp. unsalted butter; place on a baking sheet. Toast until golden on both sides, 5 to 8 minutes, turning over once.
Fill 8 bowls with soup.
Place a slice of toast on top of each bowl. Divide 1 lb. shredded Gruyre on top. Set bowls on baking sheets; bake until cheese is bubbly, 5 to 10 minutes.