Cambodian Grilled Chicken (Mann Oeng K'tem Sor, Marech)

Ingredients

• 2 teaspoons paprika sweet (achiote)
• 1 tablespoon fish sauce ( soy sauce)
• 1 teaspoon pepper black freshly ground
• 1 teaspoon coarse salt (kosher or sea)
• 1 clove garlic with the side of a cleaver crushed peeled
• 2  lime 
• 1 tablespoon soya sauce 
• 0.5 teaspoon sugar 
• 2 tablespoons vegetable oil 
• 3.5 pounds chicken whole

Equipment

• food processor
• bowl
• frying pan
• paper towels
• sauce pan
• sieve
• baking pan
• grill
• kitchen thermometer
• mortar and pestle
• slotted spoon
• chopsticks
• cleaver

Directions

1. Remove and discard the fat just inside the neck and body cavities of the chicken.
2. Remove the package of giblets and set it aside for another use. Rinse the chicken, inside and out, under cold running water, then drain and blot it dry, inside and out, with paper towels. Spatchcock the chicken. Make 2 deep slashes to the bone in both sides of the chicken breast and in each leg and thigh. Trim or fold the wing tips back behind the wings.
3. Place the bird in a nonreactive baking dish just large enough to hold it.
4. Place the garlic halves, sugar, and salt in a heavy mortar and pound to a paste with a pestle. Work in the soy sauce and fish sauce. If you do not have a mortar and pestle, combine the garlic, sugar, and salt in a small food processor and puree to a paste, then work in the soy sauce and fish sauce. Spoon the marinade over the chicken, forcing it into the slits and turning the bird to coat it well on both sides.
5. Let the chicken marinate in the refrigerator, covered, for 1 hour to 4 hours; the longer it marinates, the richer the flavor will be.
6. Heat the oil in a small saucepan over medium heat.
7. Add the crushed clove of garlic and cook until just beginning to brown, about 1 minute. Using a slotted spoon, transfer the garlic to a small heatproof bowl.
8. Add the annatto seeds to the saucepan with the oil and cook until fragrant and browned and the oil turns orange, about 2 minutes. If you are using paprika instead of annatto seeds, cook it for only 15 seconds. Strain the oil through a fine-mesh wire strainer into the bowl with the garlic. Set the glaze aside.
9. Place 1/2 teaspoon each of salt and pepper and 1/4 teaspoon of sugar, if using, in 2 small attractive bowls. Have the limes ready; you'll add the lime juice at the last minute. (See Note.)
10. Set up the grill for direct grilling and preheat it to medium. Leave one section of the grill bare for a safety zone.
11. When ready to cook, brush and oil the grill grate.
12. Drain the chicken and discard the marinade and arrange it on the hot grate or in an oiled grill basket, if using, skin side down. Grill the chicken until it is golden brown and cooked through, 12 to 20 minutes per side. Move the chicken as needed to dodge any flare-ups. Use an instant-read meat thermometer to test for doneness, inserting it into the thickest part of a thigh but not so that it touches a bone. The internal temperature should be about 170°F. Alternatively, you can make a cut in the chicken meat where the thigh connects to the body; there should be no traces of red at the bone. During the last 10 minutes of cooking, start brushing the chicken on both sides with the glaze.
13. To serve, transfer the chicken, skin side up, to a platter.
14. Let it rest for about 2 minutes, then cut it into pieces with a cleaver.
15. Add 2 tablespoons of lime juice to each bowl with the salt, pepper, and sugar for the dipping sauce and stir it with a fork or chopsticks until the salt and sugar dissolves. To eat, dip the pieces of chicken in the salted lime juice.
16. Variation
17. Khmer Chicken Grilled Using the Indirect Method: You can also grill the chicken using the indirect method, a process that, although not traditionally Khmer, has the advantage of eliminating all risk of flare-ups. Set up the grill for indirect grilling, place a drip pan in the center, and preheat the grill to medium.
18. Place the marinated chicken skin side up in the center of the grate over the drip pan and away from the heat. Cover the grill and cook the chicken until browned and cooked through, 40 minutes to 1 hour. Start brushing the chicken with the glaze during the last 15 minutes of cooking and baste it again every 5 minutes.
19. If you are serving 4 people, double the dipping sauce ingredients and divide them among 4 bowls.
20. From Planet Barbecue! An Electrifying Journey Around the World's Barbecue Trail by Steven Raichlen. Copyright © 2010 by Steven Raichlen. Published by Workman Publishing Company, Inc.