Beat granulated sugar and butter with a mixer at medium speed until well-blended (about 5 minutes).
Add 1 1/2 teaspoons vanilla and egg white; beat well. Lightly spoon flour into a dry measuring cup; level with a knife.
Combine flour, cornstarch, baking powder, and salt, stirring well with a whisk.
Add flour mixture to sugar mixture, stirring until well-blended. (Dough will be stiff.)
Turn dough out onto a lightly floured surface. Divide dough in half.
Roll each portion into a 12-inch log.
Place logs 3 inches apart on a baking sheet coated with cooking spray. Form a 1/2-inch-deep indentation down the length of each log using an index finger or end of a wooden spoon. Spoon preserves into the center.
Bake at 375 for 20 minutes or until lightly browned.
Remove logs to a cutting board.
Combine powdered sugar, lemon juice, and almond extract; stir well with a whisk.
Drizzle sugar mixture over warm logs. Immediately cut each log diagonally into 12 slices. (Do not separate slices.) Cool 10 minutes; separate slices.